Biotechnology and Orthodox Christian Ethics: Balancing Progress with Values

Biotechnology is the use of living organisms including humans or their parts to develop new products. Advancements in biotechnology, such as genetic engineering, reproductive technologies, and end-of-life care, present a range of ethical implications that touch on fundamental issues such as the sanctity of life, human dignity, and the responsibility to care for one another.

1. Genetic Engineering: The field of genetic engineering raises ethical concerns related to modifying the genetic makeup of organisms, including humans. Orthodox Christian Ethics values each person as a unique creation of God and emphasizes the integrity and sanctity of human life, which can be applied to discussions on genetic engineering.

Biblical teaching on the sanctity of life:

• Psalm 139:13-14 speaks about the uniqueness and value of each individual: "For you created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mother's womb. I praise you because I am fearfully and wonderfully made."

• Genesis 1:27 highlights that humans are created in the image of God:

2. Reproductive Technologies:Reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization (IVF) and surrogacy also raise ethical questions regarding the beginning of human life, the sanctity of marriage, and the rights of children. Orthodox Christian Ethics often stresses the importance of the family unit and the protection of the rights and dignity of every individual, including children.

Biblical verses on family and children:

• Mark 10:6-9 underscores the significance of marriage and the family unit:

• Psalm 127:3-5 emphasizes the value of children as a gift from God: "Children are a heritage from the Lord, offspring a reward from him."

Alternatives and support: The Church encourages exploring natural methods of conception and offering support to couples struggling with infertility.

3. End-of-Life Care: Discussions on end-of-life care, including issues such as euthanasia (assisted dying), physician-assisted suicide, and palliative care, raise ethical dilemmas about the sanctity of life, human suffering, and the role of medical institutions in providing compassionate care. Orthodox Christian Ethics often emphasizes the importance of preserving life, showing mercy and compassion, and providing comfort to the sick and elderly.

Biblical teaching on compassion and care for the sick:

• Matthew 25:36 speaks about caring for those in need: "I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me."

• 2 Corinthians 1:3-4 highlights the comfort we receive from God so that we can comfort others in their suffering:

In summary, Orthodox Christian Ethics encourages thoughtful reflection on the ethical implications of biotechnological advancements, emphasizing the sanctity of life, the protection of human dignity, and the importance of compassion and care for all individuals, from conception to the end of life.